Europe

Ukraine is close to setting up three new joint ventures with European weapons producers in its effort to boost arms output during the war with Russia, the first deputy prime minister said.

Yulia Svyrydenko, who is also the economy minister, said five joint ventures with Western weapon producers had already been set up, including with German and Lithuanian companies. Several arms producers have opened offices in Ukraine.

"We have three more agreements with European companies in the final stages to set up joint ventures," Svyrydenko told Reuters in an interview in the government headquarters in central Kyiv.

[...]

The authorities are still tight-lipped about details of the defence industry, but President Volodymyr Zelenskiy said in October that Ukraine could produce four million drones annually and was ramping up its military production, including missiles, a "drone missile" and transport vehicles.

[...]

Germany's weapons giant Rheinmetall has already launched its first defence factory in Ukraine, specializing in the maintenance of combat vehicles, with plans to start manufacturing Lynx infantry fighting vehicles by the year's end.

Britain-based BAE Systems, Franco-German KDNS, the Babcock defence and aerospace company and MyDefence, which specializes in counter-drone technology, have teamed up with Ukrainian producers and set up local offices.

German weapons producer Flensburger Fahrzeugbau Gesellschaft is building a service centre in Ukraine jointly with a private Ukrainian weapons producer, Svyrydenko said.

Developing domestic defence production was a boost to the broader economy, which is still smaller than prior to the war despite two years of economic growth, she said.

[...]

Russia exposes alarming patterns of torture used as a State-sanctioned tool of repression to stifle dissent and intimidate communities abroad, according to a report conducted by Mariana Katzarova, UN Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in the Russian Federation.

"Torture is used as a State sanctioned tool for systematic oppression, to maintain control and to stifle dissent", she says.

According to her research, this goes beyond isolated cases. Torture is frequently aimed at political prisoners, critics of the ongoing war in Ukraine, and migrant communities worldwide.

Normalisation of torture

One of the report’s most unsettling revelations is the portrayal of torture in Russian media.

The independent expert described the aftermath of a March terrorist attack in Moscow, where members of the Tajik minority “who haven't been tried yet and haven't been found guilty” were tortured through electric shocks and mutilation.

Following the broadcast, there were reports of law enforcement carrying out widespread sweeps, arresting and allegedly abusing migrant workers from Central Asia.

LGBTQIA+ individuals in Chechnya have also received brutal treatment from State officials there. Ms. Katzarova reported that members of the LGBTQIA+ community were systematically detained, tortured, and threatened with death unless they agreed to volunteer as soldiers in Ukraine.

Judicial impunity, no accountability

A key issue raised in the report is the failure of the Russian judicial system to prosecute torture cases adequately. Under Russian law, torture is not classified as a distinct criminal offence, allowing perpetrators to evade justice through lesser charges such as “abuse of power or authority.”

“Here we have a judicial system which is so politically influenced,” she expressed, “that there is no justice for the victims of torture.” Without recourse to the European Court of Human Rights, Russian victims must now rely solely on the UN system, which lacks the authority to pursue legal action.

Ms. Katzarova urged governments worldwide to use their criminal justice systems to prosecute torture cases from Russia under universal jurisdiction, an international principle that allows courts to try cases regardless of where the crime occurred.

The Special Rapporteur like all other independent UN human rights experts. works on a voluntary basis, is not a UN staff member and receives no salary for her work. The experts are appointed by the UN Human Rights Council and are independent from any government or organization.

• Finland's Foreign Minister Elina Valtonen opposes imposing neutrality on Ukraine
• Valtonen questions Russia's trustworthiness in adhering to agreements
• Forcing Ukraine to accept terms could undermine international system, Valtonen says

Forcing neutrality onto Ukraine will not bring about a peaceful solution to the crisis with Russia, Finland's foreign minister said on Monday, adding that Moscow could not be trusted to adhere to any agreement it signs.

[...]

With the prospect of U.S. president elect Donald Trump seeking to end the conflict as quickly possible and concerns from some allies that the terms could be imposed in Kyiv, one scenario could be to force a neutral status on Ukraine.

Russia has repeatedly demanded Ukraine remain neutral for there to be peace, which would de facto kill its aspirations for NATO membership.

Russia trust issues

[...] Finland's Foreign Minister Elina Valtonen poured cold water on using the "Finlandisation" model, pointing out that firstly Helsinki had fended off Russia in World War 2 and that despite the ensuing peace had always continued to arm itself fearing a new conflict.

"I'm against it (Finlandisation), yes. Let's face it, Ukraine was neutral before they were attacked by Russia," Valtonen, whose country has a 1,300-km (810-mile) border with Russia, said on the sidelines of the Paris Peace Forum.

[...]

The Ukraine invasion led both Finland and Sweden to abandon decades of military non-alignment and seek safety in the NATO camp.

Valtonen questioned whether Russia could be trusted even if it agreed a deal and said forcing Ukraine's hand to accept terms against its will would tear down the international system.

"I really want to avoid a situation where any European country, or the United States for that matter, starts negotiating over the heads of Ukraine," she said.

"A larger power can not just grab territory, but also essentially weaken the sovereignty of another nation," she said.

Three years ago, a court in The Hague backed a case by Friends of the Earth and 17,000 Dutch citizens requiring Shell to reduce its CO2 emissions significantly, in line with the Paris climate accords.

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At the time, the 2021 ruling marked the first time a court had ordered a private company to align its workings with the Paris climate agreement, meaning that it was not sufficient for a company simply to comply with the law - it had to comply with global climate policy too.

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The appeals court judge said that companies such as Shell were obliged to contribute to combating climate change based on the human right to protection against dangerous climate change.

However, the court said Shell was already working to reduce its emissions and the court could not establish whether it should make a 45% cut or another percentage, as there was no current accepted agreement in climate science on the required amount.

[...]

Environmental groups can now take their case against Shell to the Supreme Court - meaning that a final verdict in this far-reaching case may still be years away.

[Edit typo.]

wired.com/story/ecosia-qwant-e…

Guess we're gonna witness the creation of the digital European Coal and Steel Union

Euronews has had a new editorial director for the past 3 weeks and he comes from Axel Springer's German tabloid Bild.

Quote via Politico (ironically—owned by Springer):

"Strunz declarations on Twitter are worrying because this is not what you’d expect from the boss of Euronews, especially when he applauds [far right German party] AfD results as a sign of functioning democracy," src

After Trump's victory, Euronews shared, uncommented, a congratulations video from Orbán to Trump on its Instagram feed.

There is now an open letter from the Union representatives voicing concern about the staff's journalistic freedoms (in French).

cross-posted from: https://lemmy.ca/post/32651678

Russia and Ukraine have carried out their largest drone attacks against each other since the start of the war.

Russia's defence ministry said it intercepted 84 Ukrainian drones over six regions, including some approaching Moscow, which forced flights to be diverted from three of the capital's major airports.

Ukraine's air force said Russia launched 145 drones towards every part of the country on Saturday night, with most shot down.

[...]

Ukraine's attempted strike on Moscow was also its biggest attack on the capital since the war began, and was described as "massive" by the region's governor.

Most of the drones were downed in the Ramenskoye, Kolomna and Domodedovo districts, officials said.

[...]

"The war has to end in a manner that there is accountability -- not only economic recovery and justice, but also accountability," says EU foreign policy chief Josep Borrell.

He also suggested that $300 billion of Russian state assets frozen in the West could eventually be used to help Ukraine rebuild after the war.

"That could be used in order to pay for the accountability and for the compensation for the people who suffer it and for the destruction that has been produced by the Russian invasion," Borrell said.

Russian President Vladimir Putin faces an arrest warrant from the International Criminal Court and some of Moscow's lower-ranking troops have been tried in absentia in Ukraine for individual incidents.

Ukraine has made prosecuting Russia's crimes a key part of its proposal for any eventual peace agreement.

Moldova said two Russian “decoy” drones that are used to mislead Ukrainian air defences during attacks violated Moldovan airspace and crashed deep inside its territory on Sunday, endangering the population.

The drones were found in the northern village of Borosenii Noi and the southern village of Firladeni, local police said, after a Russian drone attack on neighbouring Ukraine. No one was reported hurt.

“We firmly condemn these aggressive incursions and reiterate our condemnation of Russia’s brutal war against Ukraine,” Deputy Prime Minister Mihai Popșoi said.

Moldova, which lies between Ukraine and NATO member Romania, was formerly a part of the Soviet Union and is now seeking to join the European Union by 2030 under pro-Western President Maia Sandu.

cross-posted from: https://lemm.ee/post/47108050

cross-posted from: https://lemm.ee/post/47014700

cross-posted from: https://lemm.ee/post/47014647

Mirror: https://archive.is/2024.11.07-142852/https://www.economist.com/leaders/2024/11/07/europe-needs-to-wake-up-and-look-after-itself

cross-posted from: https://lemm.ee/post/46947893

I found this on Reddit and I read the whole thing, I thought it was interesting.

The author argues in favour of greater European independence on defence (and less dependence on the US). The article is a year old but I think it's still relevant.

The author is apparently a journalist with France 24, a French state-owned media company, so you could say that makes him biased in favour of the French position. But I think he still makes valid points.