Actual emissions taxing is basically a necessary step when it comes to air travel - currently, the fuel is completely tax free and that's not great. Take all of that money and pump it directly into rail, which is the actual way forward for intra-continental travel.
It will get more expensive and less accessible for lower income people. There's just really no way around that.
Barring some technical breakthrough, I am inclined to agree.
We can and should build extensive high-speed rail networks, though. This will provide intra-continental mobility at a price affordable for everyone. While gratuitous trips to the other side of the world will no longer be feasible, fast intra-continental trips can in many cases take their place. Flying can remain a niche for when it's completely unavoidable, in which case we should be able to absorb the emissions.