Asklemmy

No single instance has very "broad" POVs, however some instances are federated more broadly and thus get more points of view. To that end, Lemm.ee and Lemmy.ml are much more diverse than Lemmy.world, which is defederated from the major instances with large populations of Marxists.

Hexbear and Grad tend to have a lot of Marxist (and Anarchist, in the case of Hexbear) perspectives you aren't really seeing much of on Lemmy.world, which is very "US Democrat Liberal."

You aren't going to find anywhere where the virtue of being "different" is worthy of celebration when it comes to POVs, and I think that's a bit of a lost cause. I don't see much value in entertaining the opinions of fascists, as an example.

You might be better off looking for a community where the moderation optimizes for that kind of discussion (ex. Removing low effort comments, requiring citations, academic oriented, etc). It's harder to find an entire instance that matches those points, but there should be a few communities like that

Then you can use the subscribed feed only, or block the communities you don't like

Register and account on another instance that passes the litmus test of federation with .ml and hexbear. Block .world on that new account. Don't block all those instances .world told you to blindly hate.

Perhaps surprisingly when it comes to breaking the echo chamber and having diverse political points of view and approaches (on subjects like identity politics, intersectionality, geo politics, organization building, strategy...etc) I'd say even ML circles have a lot more of that than just vaguely leftist safe liberal stances (at the very least they might have novel ideas and no orange man bad meme).

If you want more diversity of opinions you can expand in different directions, but I hardly see what good would be a place that has both fascists and anti-fascists for example and most of us are tired of picking internet fights. I suppose as long as you're aware of which kind of discussion you've more tolerance for you're good, but whether it's tolerance for the occasional black crime rate statistic or an esoteric graph of the falling rate of profit, you're not likely to find a space that has both.

In general I'd go with Cowbee's recommendations though (for something that's still obviously fairly leftwing)

db0 is federated with world hexbear beehaw ml and many others.

I think you are going to have a hard time finding a place to talk with a group that overall deals in bad faith arguments and hate speech. They also tend to silo themselves off to their own platforms over concerns that their hate speech gets them moderated (because Free Speech != does not mean speech without consequences or needs to be tolerated by everyone).

If you really want to see the MAGA "point of view" you are probably better off going to them on Truth Social, Gab, 4chan, The_Donald, etc.

Do people do good, spirited debates anymore? Most of what I see would be more akin to wrestling a pig.

Your best bet is to be in a lot of instances. My experiences so far is that basically any singular instance has its bias', and while some unapologetically ban users for disagreeing with them, the ones that don't still down vote for disagreeing with them.

While one of these forms of censorship is worse than the other, it's all censorship, and the only way to see a variety of views is to stay in the varying instances.