Star Wars

Check out this thread. Basically no because they are modeled after mitochondria, that sit in every cell of your body and blood will be recycled way too quickly and the count will be low.

Dooku tried it on Grievous but it didn't work.

Also quote: Book Of Sith, Page 132, by Darth Plagueis: "a simple blood transfusion is the obvious answer, but I have found that the subject’s native midi-chlorians will reject the influx of foreign cells"

But I think I hazily remember some legends or video game lore including clones where it did work, but it had very negative side effects.

I think if you wanted it to work you would have to use stem cells, organ transplants or some way to inject them into every cell like a virus. And then perhaps give some drugs to suppress the rejection.