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Well, "liveable" is going to be somewhat-subjective.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_border
That's not citizenship, but it's living and working there without restriction, which is probably about as good as someone's going to get in the present day. But it's probably colder than most people would like.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svalbard
EDIT: And income looks pretty solid, even by Western standards:
Converting to 2006 USD and then rolling forward inflation to December 2023, that'd be ~$110,463.54/year.
But part of the reason that they're gonna be paying that is because the people living there are gonna have to be living in polar twilight for a hefty chunk of the year.
Yeah but do they have highspeed internet?
When it isn't being cut, they have submarine cables to Norway.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svalbard_Undersea_Cable_System
There's apparently 5G service:
https://www.lifeinnorway.net/5g-norway/
I don't know whether Starlink orbital paths can cover that far north.
googles
Apparently so, and they started service about five months ago.
https://satprnews.com/2023/07/09/starlink-launches-in-svalbard-a-new-era-of-internet-connectivity-in-the-arctic/
Hmm. Though that being said, global warming will cause glaciers to retreat, so it'll probably be more-ice-free in the future than it is now.
googles
And it looks like Svalbard, in particular, is warming up quickly.
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-63387233
Well, everything is terrible when you subject it to the realities of our modern world. Just turn off that part of your mind for a few moments and enjoy the idea.
I'd guess that warming is probably long-term advantageous in terms of human habitation of Svalbard. We're not really glacier-dwelling critters. Probably sucks if you're a polar bear, but...
Also, in general, if you have legal residence long-term in a country, most countries do permit a route to obtain citizenship. Norway does appear to do this too (though it's not a guaranteed right, and you need to learn Norwegian as part of that process). Thing is, I don't know whether legal residence in Svalbard -- which is a Norwegian territory, but not part of Norway proper -- counts as legal residence in Norway for naturalization purposes, and I could very much believe that that is not the case.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwegian_nationality_law
Thinking of an analog, I know that in the US, American Samoa is unusual in that while it is a US territory, American Samoa wanted to run their own immigration policy (because there are people in (non-American) Samoa who they wanted to be able to move in). Both the US and American Samoa were willing for American Samoa to be a US territory, but the US wasn't willing to have American Samoa just be a back door to general entry to the US if they had different immigration policy. Normally, in an American territory -- like Puerto Rico, say -- the residents are American citizens. However, because of this independent immigration policy that American Samoa runs, based on the arrangement that the US and American Samoa worked out, American Samoans are not actually American citizens -- they are American nationals. While generally they can live and work in the rest of the US, just the fact that American Samoa is okay with someone moving to American Samoa and has the right to let people in as they choose doesn't necessarily mean that the same person can use that status to just bounce from there to legal status in the rest of the US.
It wouldn't surprise me if Norway has similar restrictions on people bouncing via legal residence in Svalbard to broader Norway, because the situations are somewhat-similar.
EDIT: Yup.
https://www.lifeinnorway.net/living-on-svalbard/