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File a small slit in the end of the slot so the card fits into it, but runs past the back. The card will run at Gen 3 x1 speed, but otherwise work properly.
Many motherboards even come with the end of the PCIe slots open for this exact purpose.
Edit: Gen 3 x1 runs at almost a full GB/s, so a 2.5Gb/s card (notice the change in size of the "B") should have more than enough bandwidth on Gen 3 x1, even at 2.5Gb/s full duplex.
A word of caution for anyone cutting out the slot: make sure there aren't other instructions, like capacitors, ICs, and NVMe drives in the way of where the PCIe card will be.
The manufacturers that have the slot pre-cut will have already reserved the space, but even then, it's on you to check that it's suitable for a x16 if they only reserved space for a x8 card.
I'll likely go for a 4 or 6 gigabit port card, so PCIe gen 3 x1 is not a problem. Am I correct in understanding that the card will run at PCIe gen 3 X1 if I do this?
What can I do if the card is PCIe gen 2 x8? These cards from Silicom are really cheap on ebay
Am I correct in understanding that the card will run at PCIe gen 3 X1 if I do this?
Correct. The situation you described in the original post would result in Gen 3 x1 speeds.
The interface will always default to the fastest standard that both sides can support. If one is gen 2 and the other is gen 4, gen 2 is the highest that can be supported. If one side is x8 and the other is x4, x4 is the highest that can be supported.
What can I do if the card is PCIe gen 2 x8?
If you put a Gen 2 x8 card in a Gen 4 x1 slot, you will get a Gen 2 x1 link.
Alright thanks
Get a slot adapter first, to male sure your use case works before doing the physical mods others are talking about
Hand saw?
I don't want to cut the card
Cut the slot? Or desolder it and replace it with one with an open back.
The slot is open. I'm just wondering whether the card will work properly in that slot since all the pins won't be attached. PCIe Gen 3 X1 bandwidth is more than enough for it
They all have to work (at least to an extent) using only x1. It's part of the PCIe spec.
Missing pins are actually extremely common. If your board has a slot that's x16 (electrically x8), which is very common for a second video card, take a closer look. Half the pins in the slot aren't connected. It has the full slot to make you feel better about it, and it provides some mounting stability, but it's electrically the same as an x8 that's open.
I see. Thanks
Then plug it in and go to town. Either it'll work, or it won't. Some cards get unhappy about missing pins, but it's really just luck of the draw.
There's another situation. There are older (and cheaper cards) which are PCIe gen 2 x8. Unfortunately, pcie gen 2 x1 is not going to suffice. What would I have to do to get this older kind of card to work? Do you have any reliable PCIe x1 to x16 risers in mind?
I think you're missing the point of a riser. I'd the motherboard only has a 3.0x1 port, plugging in an x16 riser means it'll still only be x1 electrically, but it can physically fit larger cards. If the back of the slot is open already there not much point of using a riser since you can physically fit larger cards already.
My board has PCIe gen 4 x1, but unfortunately there's a really cheap card with 6 ethernet ports but PCIe gen 2 X8
You can probably use it, but you will not get full throughput on all the ports at the same time. 3.5/6 max real world.
My advice, get a cheap pcie4 10g nic and a 10g switch with multiple ports, but idk what you're trying to do.
I'm trying to create a router + switch combo. I know bonding over CPU is considered a bad idea but I don't want to run a proprietary OS on my switch to get VLANs. I'd rather run an OpenBSD VM and do everything in it.
This might delve into some networking, but if you can bear with me:
Whilst I like the idea of VLANs, I don't like running proprietary firmware on my devices. Which means a regular L2+/L3 switch is not going to cut it. But I'm starting to wonder if I can just use Veths and subnetting to segregate traffic between different machines on my network?
Using your example, can I do:
PC (router) -> 10Gbe port (3 Veths) -> switch -> three different machines on different subnets?
Can I prevent the three machines from talking to each other directly through the switch if I put them in different subnets? Sorry for my lousy networking knowledge, it's been a while.
Yeah a cheap switch probably wouldn't cut it. You'd need a more expensive managed switch to do segregated vlans, which would balloon the budget.
Not sure on veth segregation, but you could probably try with equipment you already have (onboard nic w/ veths > unmanaged gbit switch)
I've been looking at the open banana pi router since it has openwrt (debian/Ubuntu too). I think I'm going to wait and hope they put more multi-gig ports on next one tho.
You also just plug it in. But again, no guarantee it'll work. Even if you get a riser, most of them are just physical adapters. The fancier server ones do have some brain to them, but I don't know if it would help.
You could also just sidestep the problem and use some USB adapters.
PCIe to USB and back to PCIe like what the miners use? Isn't that unreliable long-term?
No, just a USB network adapter.
Yeah, going along these lines. There is probably a USB header on the motherboard. These have pretty darn good speeds. You can get an adapter that lets you turn those into a USB-C port and then use a standard USB-C to Ethernet adapter. Something like this or this. No guarantee on either of those specific adapters being good though. Looks like slim pickings for such things and both of those are garbage brands.
If you have a USB-C port on the back of your motherboard, you can get an adapter for that directly.
Also, motherboards generally come with 2.5Gb/s ports now too. Some even have two. Something to consider.
If you don't want to risk modifying the slot, try one of the cheap PCIe risers on amazon and send it back if it doesn't work. You will need a case with a couple of extra slots under the motherboard in order to fit the riser in there though.
It will run slower, but that probably won't be an issue unless you plan to max out all 4 ports simultaneously.
I did this but buying these on Amazon is scary. Try to find one that won't burn your house down.
Yeah, I definitely wouldn't recommend putting something power hungry like a GPU in one of these. A NIC will be fine though.
The ones on Amazon are intended to run GPUs for crypto farms, but they're all brands you've never heard of with dubious claims and they've all got at least one review where either the device was defective or something was installed incorrectly and it caused damages.
Even maxing out the ports won't be a problem. Even 6 gigabit ports don't saturate a PCIe Gen 3 X1 slot in terms of bandwidth. But will the card work at all if all the physical pins are not connected electrically to the slot?
I cannot see any decent PCIE X1 to X16 risers on amazon. Everything is USB based which I don't want
They are not USB based, they just happen to use a USB 3 cable to carry the PCIe signals.
Oh. I thought they were using USB. Thanks
USB the protocol, or just uses a USB cable? If it's not using the protocol, the cables are a cheap way of getting cables of a certain spec.
I thought they were using the USB protocol. Thanks
Pretty sure if you put a PCIe 3.0 card in a 4.0 slot the slot will drop to 3.0, and 1 PCIe 3.0 lane probably isn't going to work great with a card meant for 4 of them.
The card only needs PCIE Gen 3 X2 == PCIE Gen 4 X1 in terms of bandwidth. I was hoping to fit it into the slot since it meets the bandwidth requirements
An x1 slot is an x1 slot, the PCIe version will downgrade but there will still only be one lane because that's all the slot physically has connections for. It will effectively be a PCIe 3.0 x1 slot.
Technically the slot is PCIe Gen 4 x1, but I understand. TBH PCIe gen 3 X1 is fine too, that's more than 6 port Gigabit cards can saturate anyway.
If your card has an x4 pinout, then it probably needs the additional bandwidth. Plugging it into an x1 slot (if it was possible) would slow down the network traffic. Get a better motherboard with an x4 slot on it so you can use the hardware you want. or find something else that will fit your computer.
Honestly even the 1Gb quad port card I have requires an x4 slot, although I saw some dual-port 2.5Gb x1 cards on ebay. Maybe you could just use two of those?
It doesn't need that kind of bandwidth. 6 gigabit ports cannot saturate pcie gen 3 x1 in terms of bandwidth anyway.
What do I do if the card is PCIe gen 2 x8 though?
Potentially the same thing, assuming PCIe 2 x1 provides enough bandwidth.
Pcie 2.0x1 would have a theoretical max of 4gbit/s so it would probably only handle 3.5 gigabit of connections simultaneously.
I don't think you do.
A x1 will fit in a x4 but not the other way around.
How would I do it then? The card doesn't exactly need PCIE gen 3 X4, at the most it needs PCIE Gen 3 X2 == PCIE Gen 4 X1 in terms of bandwidth.
In terms of physical connections you've said that the card needs the x4. Not sure what there is to say further.
Can't get a 30 cm ruler into a 15 cm pencil case.
Maybe I've totally misunderstood your post.
This is false when it comes to me to PCIe, as mentioned elsewhere in this thread.
Most motherboards have cutouts on one end of the PCIe x1/x4 slots, for exactly this situation. If not, and you want to be adventurous, you can cut the plastic of the slot and it’ll work fine.
If the card is PCIe 3.0 x4, and the slot is PCIe 4.0 x1, the card will run at PCIe 3.0 x1. But it’ll work.
Up voted
I stand corrected. Thanks for the heads up.. Really wasn't expecting that.
Apologies to OP. I don't know how to reference users: marauding_gibberish142@lemmybdzero
Thanks
Does one good to be challenged (at least) occasionally.
I learned something new.