this post was submitted on 26 Oct 2023
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A place to share alternatives to popular online services that can be self-hosted without giving up privacy or locking you into a service you don't control.
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I actually hate GPT, dislike it’s answers and find myself knowing better than it most times.
I’ve been trying to setup a DNS server to create my own domains internally within my VPN but I keep finding info on how DNS servers work, and how to make a records on registrars, but nothing on what I actually need to install and run to have my own DNS for example. Same thing goes for many other services, but that’s the one bugging me for the longest time because it should be so simple.
I’ve found plenty of tutorials on how to make a cache DNS, just not an authoritative name server btw, and I’ve searched for both DNS and name server to no avail. If it was Linux I’d write some custom rules in my hostfiles and be done with it, but it’s so much harder to do on Windows and that’s my daily use OS for now…
"self hosted DNS server" is what I searched for, but I also knew what I was looking for "Unbound" with PiHole is what I use.
Also, Windows has a host file that it uses. %windir%\System32\Drivers\etc\hosts
%windir% is the environment variable for your windows install directory. Usually C:\Windows
You can add your entries in there, just like Linux, though I am sure the syntax might be slightly different. I really haven't played with host files on Linux, yet.
I use Pihole for this in my home network. It has the capability to configure local domains for your internal network resolution as well as create whitelist/blacklist and use as a DHCP server alternative to your home router -- you just need to configure your router to point to the Pihole instance for DNS on your LAN network configuration to get started with the DNS piece
"Selfhost authorative dns" returns this for example https://wiki.selfhosted.show/DNS/
And we have two guides for the most common dns implementantations. Depending on the vpn software you can push the dns ip as part of the configuration or by using DHCP.
I also found the pihole docs for unbound rather helpful https://docs.pi-hole.net/guides/dns/unbound/.
For me, I have that as the 4th result, after some Reddit and IBM which probably would’ve discouraged me from continuing my search. I’d have to read on it.
Also, TIL PiHole doesn’t necessarily need to run on a Raspberry Pi. I guess assumptions really do come back to bite me in the ass haha
Pi runs Raspbian which is just Debian with customisation applied. So of course it can run elsewhere. You don’t know as much as you think you do perhaps 😉
I seriously thought it was a product, rather than software tbf. The name always sounded so “corporate” I never considered it.
I definitely know more about the theory than the practice. I’m clueless as to what my options even are so I can’t argue with that.
But I did know about the Linux “inheritance” of distros if you wanna call it that, and I’m fully aware of what that entails.
Just honestly didn’t look at it twice cause I thought “there must be an FOSS option” without realizing what PiHole really is. Just a case of prejudice biting me in the ass I guess.
Sounds like the next step in your journey is combing through this list and seeing what’s out there: https://github.com/awesome-selfhosted/awesome-selfhosted
So much great stuff! But most of it has drawbacks, like missing features or less attractive UI. But it’s free and open source so we love it all the same.
I’ve read that repo a million times! My self-hosting needs are more esoteric and I mostly play around with it. I’ve no need for media services or 90% of what that repo offers yet!
I mostly want to end up self-hosting my own apps, but I need some foundational knowledge
Then maybe start by hosting things you don't really need. Host a single media file, but so so with every single service you can think of. Can you access the file internally? Externally? On browser? Dedicated app? Via SSH? With a VPN? Did you host your own VPN?
You just need to learn to approach practical problems that are common, and then adapt what you learned to your other needs. These are how most of us have grown and learned.
Based on your OP and a few of your answers, it looks like you're struggling with setting up too many things together, when in reality some of them are meant to be a foundation and /or are required to move on to the next sparky thing in the awesome list.
You mentioned "Reverse proxy and VPN bullshit" in your OP. Start with setting up your internal DNS (Pi-hole and Adguard are good examples that work mostly out of the box). Once you're confortable with managing internal DNS, and only then, start messing around with reverse proxy.
And like you realized a few posts up, pretty much "every" Pi-related software can be run in a regular computer. If you're not yet familiar with virtual machines, do some research on Proxmox and the likes and it will benefit you immensely.
There's a lesson in here somewhere about patience. Get good at skimming. I was looking for how to do something I was unfamiliar with the other day and I had to sift through 15 results across four different search strings before I found the solution that was going to work for me. But because I'm good at skimming it only took me 1/2 hour to discover and implement. Google isn't magic and this is why someone else recommended Chat GPT to help with some of the sifting, especially early on.
I hate the fact you gave your honest opinion and othets have to downvote you. I myself rarely use ChatGPT to find a direct answer, instead I use it to give me resources to find the answers for the questions I didn't think about asking or knew existed. More like thinking outside the box or brainstorming. And always do your due diligence to verify any answer it gives.
Use bind for DNS. It's fairly easy. https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/8/html/managing_networking_infrastructure_services/assembly_setting-up-and-configuring-a-bind-dns-server_networking-infrastructure-services