this post was submitted on 25 Feb 2024
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Privacy

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Searching for a Linux distro (lemmy.ml)
submitted 8 months ago* (last edited 8 months ago) by Charger8232@lemmy.ml to c/privacy@lemmy.ml
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I first used Linux about 5 years ago (Ubuntu). Since then, I have tried quite a few distros:

Kali Linux (Use as a secondary)

Linux Mint (Used for a while)

Arch Linux (Could not install)

Tails (Use this often)

Qubes OS (Tried it twice, not ready yet)

Fedora (Current main)

For me, it has been incredibly difficult to find a properly privacy oriented Linux distro that also has ease of use. I really enjoy the GNOME desktop environment, and I am most familiar with Debian. My issue with Fedora is the lack of proper sandboxing, and it seems as though Qubes is the only one that really takes care in sandboxing apps.

Apologies if this is the wrong community for this question, I would be happy to move this post somewhere else. I've been anonymously viewing this community after the Rexodus, but this is my first time actually creating a post. Thank you!

UPDATE:

Thank you all so much for your feedback! The top recommended distro by far was SecureBlue, an atomic distro, so I will be trying that one. If that doesn't work, I may try other atomic distros such as Fedora Atomic or Fedora Silverblue (I may have made an error in my understanding of those two, please correct my if I did!). EndeavourOS was also highly recommended, so if I'm not a fan of atomic distros I will be using that. To @leraje@lemmy.blahaj.zone, your suggestion for Linux Mint Debian Edition with GNOME sounds like a dream, so I may use it as a secondary for my laptop. Thank you all again for your help and support, and I hope this helps someone else too!

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[–] Rustmilian@lemmy.world 19 points 8 months ago (1 children)

Arch Linux (Could not install)

Archinstall

[–] Charger8232@lemmy.ml 9 points 8 months ago (2 children)

That is a very useful tool I overlooked! Thank you!

How does Arch Linux fair as far as privacy and security? It's private in that it is minimalistic, but that may also mean it lacks in preinstalled security features.

[–] GravitySpoiled@lemmy.ml 15 points 8 months ago (1 children)

I recommend endeavouros as an intro to arch. It is arch with an installer and sane defaults.

Yet if you are looking for a set it and forget it install arch isn't for you. Arch is for the tinkerer, for the advanced, for the person who spends a lot of time with the computer and wants to read about everything.

[–] Telodzrum@lemmy.world 9 points 8 months ago (1 children)

This was Arch a decade ago, it’s just not the case anymore. It’s a stable distro that doesn’t require much tinkering and doesn’t break on its own. It’s right next to Fedora, openSUSE, Ubuntu and everyone wise who is stable, but not Debian stable.

[–] GravitySpoiled@lemmy.ml 6 points 8 months ago* (last edited 8 months ago)

I haven't said that it's unstable.

Fedora enables selinux by default. On arch you have to read about what it is, what the alternative is and most importantly you have to keep up to date because otherwise you don't know about recent advances in the space.

That is where fedora is excelling at. They implement the newest proven shit with good defaults and you as a user don't even have to know that it's there.

I have also not said that you have to tinker, but that if you like to tinker, then the distro is for you. An atomic distro isn't a good fit for a tinkerer right now. On arch you can read the differences in the packages. It's designed to be mode difficult in the first place.

[–] Rustmilian@lemmy.world 4 points 8 months ago

I wouldn't recommend unless you're planning to do it yourself. ArchWiki Security

[–] Pantherina@feddit.de 14 points 8 months ago* (last edited 8 months ago) (3 children)

Look at this

Fedora is fine, you may want to use secureblue or just plain Fedora Atomic/ ublue as Base.

But generally using as many flatpaks as possible and least system packages, and managing filesystem permissions like the guy on Fedora Discuss, this should totally fit your needs.

QubesOS is cool but it tries to solve the problem of insecure software through extreme compartimentalization which is hard to use and extreme on the hardware.

[–] Charger8232@lemmy.ml 2 points 8 months ago

Oddly enough, at the time only having installed a few Linux distros in my life, Qubes OS was very easy to install and ran just fine on my medium-grade hardware. Lots of people mention having problems with it, but I got really lucky it seems. Thanks for your suggestion!

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[–] leraje@lemmy.blahaj.zone 13 points 8 months ago (1 children)

Depends on what level of privacy you want. I'm using Linux Mint Debian Edition with GNOME installed on it and it hits the sweet spot between privacy respecting and Mint's ease of use.

[–] Charger8232@lemmy.ml 3 points 8 months ago (1 children)

Have you encountered any issues with your setup? I appreciate your suggestion!

[–] leraje@lemmy.blahaj.zone 7 points 8 months ago

Nope, no issues :) Debian is (as you know) pretty rock solid and Mint is too. It's pretty much like having a system as reliable as Ubuntu but with none of the Canonical bullshit.

[–] PeachMan@lemmy.world 12 points 8 months ago (1 children)

What features do you specifically want? You mentioned sandboxing. Anything else?

I'd say just keep it simple. If you're comfortable with Debian then stick with that, study up and learn how to harden it. Kali, ParrotOS, Mint, Ubuntu.....they're all just based on Debian with different preinstalled apps and desktop environments. Fedora and Arch are kinda weird and unique, I'm not sure if I'd recommend those for anyone, unless you KNOW that's what you need. Qubes seems interesting, I'm not familiar with that.

But I'll point out that ALL of these distros are miles ahead of Windows in terms of privacy. So just by using Mint for a while, you were already ahead of the curve.

[–] Charger8232@lemmy.ml 2 points 8 months ago

I could make a list of all the things I would want in a distro as far as privacy, but a lot of them aren't as important as sandboxing and (obviously) a system that doesn't actively make your privacy life hell. Other features would be better clipboard management (Tails and Qubes do a great job with that), no obvious gaps in security/privacy, a system that you don't have to build yourself, etc.

I think I've used Fedora more than I have Mint, but I have been completely Windows free for years now!

[–] om1k@sopuli.xyz 8 points 8 months ago (1 children)

From what I understand, wayland is better than x11 for privacy bc of the use of portals (the way apps communicate with the system), and flatpak over distro packages for sandboxing (you can also change the permissions yourself with flatseal).

[–] Rustmilian@lemmy.world 5 points 8 months ago* (last edited 8 months ago)

Wayland is more secure/private because it isolates windows/applications from each other preventing things like keyloggers.
Portals is a permission based way to allow those applications to interact with each other.

[–] harsh3466@lemmy.ml 6 points 8 months ago (2 children)

Have you looked into atomic/Immutable distros?

[–] Charger8232@lemmy.ml 3 points 8 months ago (1 children)

I will keep looking into it, thanks!

[–] harsh3466@lemmy.ml 2 points 8 months ago

You’re welcome!

[–] Steamymoomilk@sh.itjust.works 2 points 8 months ago

Guix would check privacy and usablility

[–] xorsch@lemmy.ml 5 points 8 months ago (2 children)

If you would experimentate can try Alpine linux is a security-oriented, lightweight Linux distribution based on musl libc and busybox.

At least that says about itself.

However, I have never installed it

[–] Charger8232@lemmy.ml 2 points 8 months ago

I believe I may have live booted it once (when I needed to perform an action that live booting with Ubuntu couldn't do), and I really enjoyed the look and feel of it for the short time I used it.

Or it was a different one, but let's just assume it was Alpine ;)

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[–] Rustmilian@lemmy.world 4 points 8 months ago (1 children)

As an alternative to Kali Linux, there's ParrotOS.

[–] Charger8232@lemmy.ml 2 points 8 months ago* (last edited 8 months ago) (1 children)

It's been on my to-do list for a while to try. Thank you!

Edit: I think it may be applicable to mention that I have reinstalled Kali 3 times. The first time it broke after an update. The second time is when I learned what a desktop environment was. The third time was when I discovered why seperating /home, /etc, and so on into different partitions is bad if you don't know what you're doing. The installer for the third time was repeatedly broken (apps wouldn't open!), but the netinstaller resolved the issue.

[–] Rustmilian@lemmy.world 5 points 8 months ago* (last edited 8 months ago) (3 children)

I discovered why seperating /home, /etc, and so on into different partitions is bad if you don't know what you're doing.

You should really only be separating /home from / , there's not much benefit to separating anything else onto a separate partition.
You separate /home onto a separate partition to protect your user data in cases of the system crapping out on you, or if you're to migrate to a different distro.

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[–] GravitySpoiled@lemmy.ml 3 points 8 months ago (9 children)

What proper sandboying in fedora are you missing? Fedora is very advanced in that regard compared to most other distros.

Traditional Fedora and especially atomic distros are very good for this, see other comments as well recommending ublue.

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[–] Rustmilian@lemmy.world 2 points 8 months ago (1 children)

There's SecureBlue

[–] Charger8232@lemmy.ml 2 points 8 months ago (1 children)

(From the repo):

"The following are not in scope for this project:

Anything related to increasing "privacy", especially when at odds with improving security"

It's a bit of a vague claim, since privacy encompasses many things (e.g. encryption could be considered a privacy tool). I may look into it though!

[–] Rustmilian@lemmy.world 4 points 8 months ago* (last edited 8 months ago) (1 children)

As far as privacy goes, it's nothing you can't change up later, they just don't focus specifically on privacy, that's why they use chromium instead of a privacy oriented Chromium/FireFox fork or something like Tor. It's already quiet private as is; more so than most distros; just not so much as privacy specialized tools like TailsOS.
But for security it implements some things that are pretty difficult and time consuming to do yourself.
It's a really good base to start with, and only take a few small steps to lock down the privacy aspect.
It's a really good option if you're not ready for a QubesOS workflow, and still want the most security you can out of a somewhat* traditional workflow.

[–] Charger8232@lemmy.ml 2 points 8 months ago (1 children)

Thank you for some clarification! Will it set me up to better understand Qubes OS later on?

[–] Rustmilian@lemmy.world 3 points 8 months ago* (last edited 8 months ago) (1 children)

Maybe a bit more compared to other distros, but the whole VM "profiles" workflow is essentially solely unique to QubesOS. I'd recommend learning a bit more about KVMs and Reading up on the QubesOS docs.

[–] Charger8232@lemmy.ml 2 points 8 months ago

If Tails wasn't amnesiac and implemented strong sandboxing, it would be perfect for me. Whonix has been (very, VERY) slowly developing their own independent ISO, which I will be quick to try when (after an eternity) it releases to the public.

[–] folak@lemmy.world 2 points 8 months ago

NixOS

[–] LemoineFairclough@sh.itjust.works 2 points 8 months ago

Please share what you've learned by suggesting changes to https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/blob/HEAD/docs/desktop.md

[–] Kory@lemmy.ml 2 points 8 months ago (1 children)

Yay for the first post!

I cannot comment on the topic but I'm wondering if you would get more insights from the folks in the !linux@lemmy.ml community. Maybe wanna crosspost?

[–] Charger8232@lemmy.ml 2 points 8 months ago

Done, thank you! :)

[–] possiblylinux127@lemmy.zip 2 points 8 months ago

Use Fedora with distrobox and gnome boxes

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