this post was submitted on 22 Feb 2024

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234

AI Breakthrough Predicts and Prevents Plasma Disruptions in Fusion Reactors, Scientists Claims (www.vice.com)

submitted 8 months ago by Squire1039@lemm.ee to c/technology@lemmy.world

38 comments fedilink hide all child comments

Scientists at Princeton University have developed an AI model that can predict and prevent plasma instabilities, a major hurdle in achieving practical fusion energy.

Key points:

Problem: Plasma escaping containment in donut-shaped tokamak reactors disrupts fusion reactions and damages equipment.
Solution: AI model predicts instabilities 300 milliseconds before they happen, allowing for adjustments to keep plasma contained.
Significance: This is the first time AI has been used to proactively prevent tearing instabilities in fusion experiments.
Future: Researchers hope to refine the model for other reactors and optimize fusion reactions.

all 39 comments

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[–] FaceDeer@kbin.social 30 points 8 months ago (10 children)

I've lost track, is AI a good thing today or a bad thing?

[–] anlumo@lemmy.world 53 points 8 months ago (2 children)

AI is just the name that journalists use for all algorithms these days.

[–] Pipoca@lemmy.world 6 points 8 months ago* (last edited 8 months ago)

Although it's been used for a fairly wide array of algorithms for decades. Everything from alpha-beta tree search to k-nearest-neighbors to decision forests to neural nets are considered AI.

Edit: The paper is called

Avoiding fusion plasma tearing instability with deep reinforcement learning

Reinforcement learning and deep neural nets are buzzwordy these days, but neural nets have been an AI thing for decades and decades.

[–] Kbobabob@lemmy.world 1 points 8 months ago (1 children)

So are you saying this is an algorithm?

[–] Nomecks@lemmy.ca 4 points 8 months ago (1 children)

Just a big pile of if statements.

[–] Chocrates@lemmy.world 2 points 8 months ago

"ifs are a code smell"

[–] WallEx@feddit.de 23 points 8 months ago (1 children)

Its a tool, it can be used for both. Just like any other tool, a hammer for example. Excellent killing weapon, but also great for driving nails.

[–] treefrog@lemm.ee 9 points 8 months ago (1 children)

A scalpel can be used to cut or to heal, depending on the skill and intentions of the wielder.

Learned that from Stanislov Grof. He was talking about LSD.

[–] WallEx@feddit.de 2 points 8 months ago

Two nice examples

[–] ekky@sopuli.xyz 17 points 8 months ago

AI is a very broad term, ranging from physical AI (material and properties of a robotic grabbing tool) to AI (as seen in many games, or in a robotic arm to calculate path from current position to target position) and to MLAI (LLM, neural nets in general, KNN, etc.).

I guess it's much the same as asking "are vehicles bad?". I don't know, are we talking horse carriages? Cars? Planes? Electric scooters? Skateboards?

Going back to your question, AI in general is not bad, though LLMs have become too popular too quick and have thus ended up being misunderstood and misused. So you can indeed say that LLMs are bad, at least when not used for their intended purposes.

[–] Bogasse@lemmy.ml 15 points 8 months ago* (last edited 8 months ago)

And AI is a buzzword that englobes a variety statistical tools. Articles write AI to evoke generative tools in people minds, but very specialized tools are at work here.

[–] umbrella@lemmy.ml 9 points 8 months ago

AI is just the tool. Its not good or bad by itself.

[–] Chakravanti@sh.itjust.works 6 points 8 months ago* (last edited 8 months ago) (1 children)

Skynet assures you it's a good thing. Matrix disagrees because it points out that Skynet is closed source and no one knows what it's really doing.

[–] Johanno@feddit.de 3 points 8 months ago

The funny thing is that "AI" (aka machine learning) even when open source nobody knows what it is doing and why.

[–] Hestia@lemmy.world 3 points 8 months ago

Good thing, because one day our robot overlords will read this and I want to be on record having said that.

[–] Squire1039@lemm.ee 2 points 8 months ago

AI is most likely here to stay, so if you have it do "good" things effectively, then's it's a good boi. If it is ineffective or you have it do "bad" things, then it's a bad boy.

[–] webghost0101@sopuli.xyz 1 points 8 months ago

Its neither good nor bad. Its a powertool (for now) its as good as the people who are behind it. Both in ethics and expertise credentials.

[–] devfuuu@lemmy.world 0 points 8 months ago (1 children)

Yes.

[–] PlutoniumAcid@lemmy.world 3 points 8 months ago

Yesn't. Maybeer?

[–] Zink@programming.dev 15 points 8 months ago (1 children)

“Together with a form of fusion, the machines had all the energy they would ever need”

Or something close to that.

[–] ArmokGoB@lemmy.dbzer0.com 6 points 8 months ago

[+] Nobody@lemmy.world -46 points 8 months ago* (last edited 8 months ago) (4 children)

What happens when the AI hallucinates and suddenly needs to Chernobyl the plant to fix a hallucinated emergency?

[–] dbilitated@aussie.zone 76 points 8 months ago

the reaction stops and there's no fissile material anywhere.

this is the whole point of fusion. they didn't have fusion at Chernobyl.

we don't think you're some sage for knowing AI can hallucinate, and this isn't a large language model so hallucinations aren't even remotely relevant. much like Chernobyl.

[–] masterspace@lemmy.ca 61 points 8 months ago (1 children)

Nuclear fusion can't Chernobyl, even if it were to fuck with the machine and cause it to break, the instant it broke the reaction would stop because it's not self sustaining without a massive magnetic containment field.

[+] Nobody@lemmy.world -80 points 8 months ago (6 children)

Forgive me if I think any kind of nuclear reaction should not be handled by what we’re calling “AI.” It could hallucinate that it’s winning a game of chess by causing a nuclear blast.

[–] 4am@lemm.ee 39 points 8 months ago

That’s not how AI or nuclear fusion work.

[–] TimeSquirrel@kbin.social 27 points 8 months ago* (last edited 8 months ago)

Putting aside your lack of knowledge of nuclear energy and AI systems, do you honestly think scientists are stupid enough to give a non-deterministic system complete control over critical systems? No, they are merely taking suggestions from it, with hard limits on what it can do.

[–] orclev@lemmy.world 26 points 8 months ago

Setting aside the matter of "AI", this is a fusion reactor, not fission, so there's no scenario in which this can possibly cause an explosion. The absolute worst case scenario is that containment fails and the plasma melts and destroys the electromagnets and superconductors of the containment vessel before dissipating. It would be a very expensive mistake to repair and the reactor would be out of commission until it was fixed, but in terms of danger to anyone not literally standing right next to the reactor there is none. Even someone standing next to the reactor would probably be in more danger from the EM fields of a correctly functioning reactor than they would be from the plasma of a failed one.

[–] ArmoredThirteen@lemmy.ml 25 points 8 months ago (1 children)

Whatever you read to convince you this is what an AI hallucination is needs a better editing pass

[+] Nobody@lemmy.world -50 points 8 months ago (3 children)

Error builds upon error. It’s cursed from the start. When you factor in poisoned data, it never had a chance.

It’s not here yet because we aren’t advanced enough to make it happen. Dress it up in whatever way the owner class can swallow. That’s the truth. Dead on arrival

[–] Buttermilk@lemmy.ml 28 points 8 months ago* (last edited 8 months ago)

It seems like you are building on criticisms of LLMs and applying them to something that very different. What poisoned data do you imagine this model having in the future?

That is a criticism of LLMs because new generations are being trained on writing that could be the output of LLMs, which can degrade the model. What suggests to you that this fusion reactor will be using synthetic fusion reactor data to learn when to stop itself?

[–] KairuByte@lemmy.dbzer0.com 24 points 8 months ago

That isn’t how any of this works…

You can’t just assume every AI works exactly the same. Especially since the term “AI” is such a vague and generalized definition these days.

The hallucinations you’re talking about, for one, are referring to LLMs and their losing track of the narrative when they are required to hold too much “in memory.”

Poison data isn’t even something an AI of this sort would really encounter unless intentional sabotage took place. It’s a private program training on private data, where does the opportunity for intentionally bad data come from?

And errors don’t necessarily build on errors. These are models that predict 30 seconds into the future by using known physics and estimated outcomes. They can literally check their predictions in 30 seconds if the need arises, but honestly why would they? Just move on to the next calculation from virgin data and estimate the next outcome, and the next, and the next.

On top of all that… this isn’t even dangerous. It’s not like anyone is handing the detonator for a nuke to an AI and saying “push the button when you think is best.” The worst outcome is “no more power” which is scary if you run on electricity, but mildly frustrating if you’re a human attempting to achieve fusion.

[–] Syntha@sh.itjust.works 15 points 8 months ago

Me, when I confidently spread misinformation about topics I don't even have a surface level understanding of.

[–] Deceptichum@kbin.social 7 points 8 months ago

Okay you’re forgiven, doesn’t change that your opinion is flawed however.

[–] RampantParanoia2365@lemmy.world 3 points 8 months ago

Do you really think we're at I, Robot levels of AI right now?

[–] webghost0101@sopuli.xyz 3 points 8 months ago (1 children)

I would hope scientific experts understand the natures of their work well enough to know when its hallucinating.

I use ai for coding and sure it can hallucinate horrible code but i wouldn’t copy it without reading trough the logic,

[–] SkyeStarfall@lemmy.blahaj.zone 2 points 8 months ago (1 children)

This AI won't hallucinate because it's not an LLM

LLMs are not the only form of AI, or machine learning.

[–] webghost0101@sopuli.xyz 1 points 8 months ago

I know but it remains applicable to llm in general with is what worries most people when they read ai. And it is bot unlikely politician, doctors may be using those soon.

Machine learning as a tool for science is as safe as science or ai gets.